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Reducing Soda in Schools: It Doesn't Work...

Over the last few years there has been a concerted effort to remove sugar-sweetened soda drinks from schools. Back in 2006 the American Beverage Association signed a deal that effectively removed some of the most sugary drinks from schools.

One (presumably young) commenter wrote "taking drinks out of school to stop kids from getting fat is stupid. Just because you take it out of school doesn't mean they wont drink twice as much at home..."

A very astute prediction.

New research in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (JNEB) (abstract) has found that "reduction or elimination of SSB [Sugar-Sweetened Beverages] from school menus has little effect on total consumption by adolescents".

Researchers followed 456 students from 6 counties over 2 school years. Interestingly consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages decreased in all students (regardless of whether they attended a school that had banned the drinks). This lines up with overall statistics that show soft drink sales has been slowing.

Lead researcher Blum concludes: "A better understanding of beverage consumption patterns may be needed to determine the efficacy of school food policies on those youth susceptible to obesity."

This research points us to the argument of personal responsibility versus state control. Diet Blog commenter Amy has summed this up nicely.

If I don't want my child to drink soda, then my parental responsibilities are as follows: 1) I will pack her drinks in her lunch, 2) I'll limit her snack "budget", 3) I'll give her healthy choices at home to develop her taste for them, and 4) if she makes unhealthy choices, SHE is the one responsible for the outcome. As a mother, I cannot shield her completely from the world, but I can equip and guide her toward the right choices.
More like this in Teens and Kids · Nov 9, 2008
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25 Comments

TrainerBoh on 11/ 9/08

I remember reading the book Fast Food Nation a few years ago and one section stood out in my mind. It was about school's receiving money for allowing soft drink companies to promote/advertise their products through the school -- even as a logo covering the roof!

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Mel T on 11/ 9/08

Interesting, but not surprising (sadly).

As usual, it comes down to what goes on at home. Although I don't advocate the advertising of the junk food industry, the main problem is how parents deal with the temptation their children have to eat rubbish.

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Jarrett on 11/10/08

Yes, I realize that there are nutritional differences. That being said:

8 oz Coke: 97 calories
8 oz 2% milk: 137 calories

If all you're going to do is go home and sit in front of your computer/PS3/XBox/etc., then it doesn't matter what form those calories take. The calories themselves are not "good" or "bad".

I'm not pro-"Big Beverage" or anything. I just think that taking pop machines out of the schools is a quick and visible solution to the wrong problem. It's something that school boards and PTAs can be proud of, even when it will have no effect on the final outcome.

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Mark on 11/10/08

This is sort of like saying, "Plugging a hole in a sinking boat that has 200 holes in it 'doesn't work,' so lets not plug it." The correct response is to plug the hole and get to work on hole number 2.

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Kami Gray on 11/10/08

I couldn't agree with you more. The other part that isn't mentioned here is the problem with schools teaching kids about proper health and nutrition and then having junk food like soda and candy bars available at that same institution. Of course kids will find other places to get their fill of soda pop. Hole number 2 is the parents. Don't make it available at home. That's 2 places (where they spend the majority of their time) where they'll have to find something else to hydrate them. That's also 2 places where those in a position of authority (parents and educators) are sending a big message to kids...that soda pop is not good for you. The other thing to remember is changing one's habits takes time...and it looks like overall, soda consumption is down.

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mctcurious on 11/10/08

Thank you for pointing out that important nuance! You are so right...I don't know why we insist on throwing the baby out with the bath water, if you'll pardon the expression, when we analyze and discuss things in our society. And it's an especially discouraging behavior in our science community.

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Heather on 11/10/08

I like this comment. Exactly.

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CJ on 11/10/08

Not to mention that these same schools that pull sodas often replace them with Gatorade and fruit drinks which are both high in sugar.

The fact is that one soda isn't going to hurt a kid who has a healthy lifestyle. The kids who don't have healthy lifestyles will get sodas whether the school sells them or not.

It's better for the schools to spend more time on improving the school lunch program than to make empty gestures by removing sodas.

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Cari on 11/10/08

These 'pouring contracts' I think have done a lot of harm because they make soda so readily available and they have a 'hip and cool' component to them. But Amy is right - it HAS to start with parents at home. Parents provide both role-modelling and they are the gate-keepers for what choices their children have. My sister's children both automatically ask for and drink water even when there is a vending machine around. Why? They never buy soda, they always have water in the fridge and it's what both parents drink most.

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Craig Stevens on 11/10/08

The American Beverage Association and the nation's non-alcoholic beverage industry are proud of the work that we have done to reduce beverage calories shipped to schools. In just two years since beginning implementation of our national School Beverage Guidelines, we've cut beverage calories shipped to to schools by 58% and already have more than 75% of schools under contract in full compliance with the guidelines.

We worked with the William Clinton Foundation and the American Heart Association to develop the guidelines which pull out all full calroie soft drinks and cap the calories on sports drinks and juices. And we even checked with parents and pediatricians - and about 90% of them agreed that our guidelines hit the mark.

What's being lost in all this discussion though, is the need for more physical activity. No matter what is consumed, all calories in must be met with calories burned or else there will weight gain. And until we see more physical activity in children's lives, the scales will be tipped against our nation's kids.

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Dr. J on 11/10/08

Physical activity is important without a doubt, but our food industry is where the real progress will either be made or our obesogenic society will just keep growing. It is impossible to overcome the calorie advantages of junk food and drink with exercise alone!

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Ben on 11/11/08

Obesity is an individual problem, not an "industry" problem. A healthy individual can choose not to be obese.

You guys make the problem worse by telling people there's nothing they can do and that it's someone else's problem.

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Clinton Walker III on 11/10/08

This is interesting I still think schools should promote drinking more water and juices. Of course it matters what goes on at home. Since schools are such a huge part of a teenagers life, they should try to at least try to enchorage better habits.

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Tina on 11/10/08

Food education should start in the home from birth. If you don't let your children have soda (candy, chips, etc.), they won't know what they are missing. I want to scream everytime I see a child with soda in their bottle. To me that is a form of child abuse and is just complete ingnorance on the parents' part. My kids today (15 and 11) are only allowed soda on special occasions and even call me from friends houses to ask permission to have a soda if it was offered. Set a good example in the home, and they will follow suit!

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Herbal Remedies Girl on 11/10/08

I am not at all shocked that restricting soda from school campuses does not reduce the overall soda intake of students. Kids, especially teenagers can get their hands on soda anytime they want and restricting it might make the sugary beverage look even more appealing.

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Healthy Weight Loss with Lauren on 11/10/08

I agree with you. It will only make teenagers want soda even more. As far as younger kids are concerned, I would strongly advise fruit juice. It is still a tasty beverage minus the insane amount of sugar.

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Spectra on 11/10/08

You still have to be careful with fruit juices. Fruit juice is still high in sugar (fructose) and some brands have added corn syrup to sweeten them more. If you're going to give your kids juice, stick with orange, grapefruit, or cranberry juice and mix it in with extra water. I remember when we were kids, my dad used to only let us drink OJ and we'd buy it in the frozen concentrate...my dad always made it up in a two quart pitcer instead of only adding 3 cans of water or whatever it called for in the directions. I don't think we could tell the difference.

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Spectra on 11/10/08

The thing is, soda is so ubiquitous in our society that kids are going to drink it. And why not? It's sweet, cold, tastes good, and it appeals to them. If they get used to drinking things that aren't so sweet, like water and tea, they won't like soda so much. And that's where parents come into play: they need to not buy soda and not introduce it to kids at a young age. I see toddlers drinking soda and it drives me insane. If your kids don't like plain water, put a few slices of lemon or a few frozen berries in it to give it a little flavor.

And I really don't even get the point of vending machines at schools in the first place. Maybe for high schools, because a lot of kids that age have extracurricular activities and want to grab a snack after school. But middle schools and elementary schools shouldn't have vending machines at all. My middle school didn't have vending machines, so we all had to either bring a drink from home or buy a milk from the cafeteria.

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Ben on 11/11/08

If obesity is the problem, then that milk is almost as bad as the regular soda.

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Sandy on 11/17/08

Milk is hardly the same thing as coke. Skim and 1% milk have fewer or the same calories than coke. While coke is strictly sugar and chemicals, milk is one of the best sources of calcium and vitamin D(fortified), not to mention a good source of a number of other vitamins and minerals.

Other people have mentioned juice as a good substitute. Juice does have some vitamins and minerals but it is still a concentrated source of sugar. Watch out for juice drinks such as Sunny D and Capri Sun that are 10% juice or less with mostly added sugar.

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Filip on 11/11/08

Why si soda better than cigarettes? It is actually even worse, but many brainwashed people still don't get it. The time will coma when all this huge companies that sell poison to us will have to pay for the damage they made.

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Sahil on 11/12/08

Here is parenting at its finest:

"4) if she makes unhealthy choices, SHE is the one responsible for the outcome..."

...How idiotic. No wonder kids are getting fat. There is a literal translation in my head when i read a statement like that --> "What she does is not my problem"

There is a very EASY way to fix this... i recently wrote about in my blog, but i will state it here. REMOVE THE POP FROM YOUR HOUSE.

It's not that hard, and let me tell you, VERY effective. I can't remember the last time my family had carbonated beverages. It's one of those rare things we consume if we go out for dinner.

FlawlessFitnessBook.com

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Ksera Sugarmail on 11/21/08

Another example of why the government should stay out of our lives. It's impossible to legislate good behavior. All that happens when schools take out the soft drinks is that schools don't get the vending machine money and kids, consequently, don't get academic materials. Kids WILL, however, get all the sugar-water they want. They'll just buy it somewhere else. The money goes to 7-11 instead of the schools. That's about the time the goody-goody liberals start crying that there isn't enough funding for education (so let's raise taxes).

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jane on 12/12/08

In response to the comment about school lunch being more nutritious I believe you are way off base. Schools try to offer nutritious meals but if the students won't eat it because that is not what they eat at home then the school loses money. The school lunch program is the only program in the school that is supposed to be self-supporting which is almost impossible. That means they don't get handed a budget that they can just spend. It is based on projected lunches sold and should be able to cover all of there costs, labor included. The government subsidizes some of it but they also tell you what you have to serve everyday as far as
components in the meal and calories, fat etc. Why don't parents tell there boards that they want them to subsidize the lunch program with tax money so there kids can eat cheap like they do now and have tons of fresh fruits and vegetables, after all boards give the other support services there budgets and it's just left for them to spend. One other thing, students won't drink juice that has no extra sugar and you get stuck with it. They also won't eat low sugar cereal and it becomes out coded and you throw it away. All of these traits are learned at home. There are no easy answers but nutritious eating starts at home and then it would be carried into the schools. Once in the school then they could be offered the same food that they get at home without having to worry about a budget. It would be nice to hear something nice once in awhile about school lunch. Both my kids are in the health fields now and they ate school lunch everyday. They are not obese, they don't drink pop and not because it wasn't offered to them but because they were taught healthy eating habits.

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Duncan on 02/ 3/09

There was an excellant study done on a school a couple year back. I can't remember where it was.. but they found that after lunch, most students were sleepy and not very attentive. They replaced all the vending machines with healthy options and got rid of all the pizza and hamburgers from lunch. The end result was an alert classroom who actually studied. At the end of the term, it showed that average grades increased.

The overall approach to issues like this is like the argument on global warming. It does not matter what your opinion is, whether global warming is real or not, the approach to cleaning up our planet is good regardless. The same with getting rid of junk food in schools. It does not matter if you think the science is bunk, isn't it great to reduce the amount of sugar and bad food from our children?

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