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The Foods That Made America Fat

In 1961 Americans consumed 2883 calories per person. By 2000 this had increased to 3817. Combine this with a decrease in physical activity and it's a no-brainer; in the space of 40 years people got fatter. Not only that - they also got sicker.

What foods made up this 935 calorie increase and what effect might those foods have had on overall health?

Are we eating a lot more animal-based protein? Red meat? Or is it the increase of saturated fats that have made us sicker?

The answers to these questions present a stunning contrast to traditional dietary dogma.

Here's the base statistics.

  1961 2000
Total Calories per Day 2882.5 3816.71
Calories from Protein 13.2% 12%
Calories from Fat 34.4% 36.7%
Calories from Carbohydrate 48.7% 47.3%
Calories from Alcohol 3.7% 4%

Consumption of animal proteins went from 8.7% of daily calories to 7.6% - here are some details:

Calories per Day from 1961 2000
Butter 65 40
Eggs 67 55
Red Meat 140 123
Poultry 64 186

More poultry but less red meat, butter, and eggs. Pork consumption is about the same. So where did all the extra calories come from?

Added sugars, vegetable oils, and cereal grains.

Calories per Day from 1961 2000
Added Sugars 515.75 665.82
Vegetable Oils 267.5 634.93
Cereal Grains 627.32 869.05

We've been told to; eat less eggs, eat more margarine - avoid butter, eat less saturated fat, eat less red meat, eat more grains, use more vegetable oils.

The above statistics would indicate - that to some degree - this advice has been taken to heart.

Strange how more of us are obese than ever before and how diabetes and heart disease rates continue to climb.

Surely after 40 years we should be seeing some positive evidence?

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Many thanks to R. Wilshire for her indepth research into FAO food lists. You can see a more detailed analysis on her site at Weight of the Evidence.

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90 Comments

ginger

That is intriguing because it certainly contradicts what has become the dogma repeated in the media and medical profression (eat less red meat, don't use butter, etc.).

But the increase in weight probably has more factors involved than what we eat. Americans engage in less exercise and movement than even twenty years ago, as more people live in suburbs or gated communities without sidewalks, have longer commute and work times and therefore less free time for exercise and sports. Also, people are smoking less and thanks to video games, DVDs, and home entertainment, we spend more time at computers and watching television. I think exercise is key in losing/managing weight.

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phil

what the hell 3800 calories? we're frickin pigs!!

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Kevin Wilkens

Hey, whatever I eat 5,000 calories a day, I havent worked out in over two months, I'm 6'3'' and 167 lbs. Everybody's metabolism is different, so why are you assuming were all pigs for eating this amount? I think the real issue is the American lifestyle and how its changed. Has anyone pointed out that there werent diet and exercising crazes before 1960 and there wasnt a nationwide weight problem? trust me dieting only causes weight gain in the long term

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peterthefly

I beg your pardon !!!
you're not a pig, metabolisms are different but now the majority of the american people is obese whereas their genes are the same as 20 years ago.
How can you explain that?
of course you eat too much and exercise too little and genetics play a good part as well but not so much as you would think.
by the way I'm french and totally obsessed with my weight and I practise some sports and take care (but now always) of what I eat and guess what, I'm not fat but could be if I lived in the states (or in the uk)

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Claire S.

Well, no one was told to eat more sugar - and yet it makes up 665 calories?? And some oils are healthy - but certainly not as much as we are using. Also, a good portion could be trans fats. With that and the added sugars (HFCS, probably), with plenty of carbs to go with, and it's no wonder we as Americans have gained so much weight.

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Ryan

My feeling is that the traditional dogma is leading us further into disease. If I really disliked someone, I would feed them a heavy grain, low-meat diet with vegetable oil. I would consider that mean.

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Dr.J

Part of the problem is that the food industry doesn't do much to help us. So much of the sugar, salt , and fat found in foods wasn't there years ago. It's economic and addiction driven. I've found that foods I like to buy continually disappear from the store's shelves. When I ask about it, I'm usually told the products I like do not sell enough so they are not stocked. One needs to be pretty vigilant when they make their food choices.

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DietingPoint

Charging more for heath foods really doesn't help the problem. My weekly food bill would be about 40% less if I bought the "regular" products. I have friends who say they try to eat health (both at home and when out) and that often the opt for the less healthy choice because of price.

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mandi

I have to agree with you. They should hike up the cost for the processed foods because of all the junk (sugar, salt, & chemicals "additives") they add to it. Then lower the cost of healthy natural & organic foods.

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r

the reason the unhealthy, processed foods are generally cheaper is because all that "junk" they put in it is actually junk, and thus extremely cheap to produce. Organic produce is much more expensive to farm than the GM stuff the large industrial operations crank out. Processed foods are extremely expensive for what you get though, they only seem cheaper / easier (for example boxed cereals compared to a bag of oatmeal, the cereal is not only far more expensive by weight but most likely also has virtually no nutritional value compared to the oatmeal)

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The Shrinking Knitter

Portion size certainly plays a part in this, doesn't it? Thomas has come out with a "mini" bagel that looks just like a regular-sized bagel did 10 years ago. We just don't seem to be satisfied with a serving-sized amount. I think our collective drug of choice must be "MORE."

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phil

we should eat something incredible but small and use water to fill up the stomach. if you enjoy it slowly a little lasts a long time. use water for volume, not food.

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Jan

Other than the increase in vegetable oils, the increase in other stuff is small. The first chart, with the macronutrient distribution, shows that is still pretty similar to what it was - it is just *more food*. I think portion sizes are to blame more than anything else here. This is coming from the same person who is always saying "it is not how much you eat, it is what you eat" here on this site, believe it or not. If you eat as much as the average American is eating, then it finally becomes also about how much you eat. I don't believe in 1,200 calorie a day diets for weight loss, but almost 4,000 calories a day for someone that is sedentary is simply way too much food, way too many calories.

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Jan

Knitter, it is exactly what you said - I didn't read your comment before posting. Portion sizes in the US are insane. Everytime I travel there, I'm shocked to see they grew even more, when I was already horrified people could fit as much as the previous size. I'm not Asian and I don't eat tiny portions, right the opposite - I have a reputation of "eating like a guy", but in the US, I've never managed to eat more than 1/3 of an entree, it is usually 1/4 of it.

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Spectra

I think it's a combination of portion sizes, sedentary lifestyles, and a smaller consumption of natural foods. The food industry can't really be blamed for this one...an Oreo in 1960 is the same as an Oreo in 2000. The difference is, in 1960 you maybe ate 1-2 Oreos as a small snack. In 2000, you can buy "snack packs" containing 6 Oreos. What are you going to do with a half-eaten package of Oreos? So you eat the whole pack and consume 3 servings right there. See the trend? Food companies are actually trying to target the serving size thing by doing the 100 calorie packs and trying to reformulate things to have more whole grains and fiber. Still, being physically active and eating mostly unprocessed foods will do a lot to help keep the pounds off.

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Jan

Spectra, you mentioned something important too. These foods are also cheaper, comparatively, than they were in 1961, aren't they? "Processed food" in the 60s, as we see on tv and people who lived the times remember, was mostly stuff like cake mix and canned foods, not so much the already-baked cake, since they were more expensive. So an Oreo (or cookies baked from frozen dough) were a treat, and less likely to be eaten than ones baked from scratch/from a boxed mix. If things are expensive treats, people thing twice about eating the entire package in one sitting. If it costs $1.19, there isn't a second thought.

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Claire S.

Jan, you have a good point. I wasn't around in 1961, but I used to eat a lot of processed food - it's tempting if you're a college student and don't have much money. Things like canned ravioli, packaged cookies and crackers are extremely cheap and plentiful. However now that I'm eating more natural foods, I have a really hard time keeping the bills down...
If it is much harder (i.e. expensive) for us to buy "healthy" foods, we will just do what's convenient and cheap.

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big wezzy

all u is wrong and can eat a dick u homo lame ass niggas

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CLH

Obviously this person is suffering from the harmful side effects of commercially processed food...

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Erica

Its more about moderation than what you eat! Eggs, toast, two pieces of bacon and a cup of old fashion coffee probably have less calories than that massive sugary coffee with whipped-cream and giant bagel with cream cheese and 2 toaster strudels. Plus the prior will fill you up with protein and keep you from eating ALL DAY LONG! There wont be the urge to grab the Snickers Bar at 10:30AM. Plus people feel more satiated when they eat "meals" instead of on the run, grab'n'go breakfasts.

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Anushka

I have to agree with DietingPoint. If corporate America (or World, for that matter) really wanted to help people stay healthy and fit, they would stop charging MORE for healthier food items. It's sad that a bag of frozen, breaded, pressed chicken chunks is cheaper than clean, white breast meat. However, that said, one can shop wiser and still not spend an arm and a leg. There are plenty of store brand items that cost significantly less than name brands (like whole oats and rice for instance). One chooses to buy the junk food over the healthier options - no one is forcing them to!

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E

I live in the US for a year and these are my opinions formed during this time:

1)It seems like water doesn't exist. You have to really dig in the supermarket and I have heard several persons asking a store employee where to find the water aisle. But sodas are right on the middle. As long as some companies will pay big money to stay central, there will be hige sugar quantities absorbed with sodas. Don't tell me about light versions, they are even worse from a health point of view.

2) You really have to search for healthy/organic products and they are expensive(if it is not a specialized store, like Whole Foods). It hurts to pay $4 on a pound of tomatoes when you can probably buy a frozen pizza at the same price.

3) There is always food in tv. Weight-loss program, pizza, weight-loss pill, oreos, weight-loss exercises, fast-food chain. Well, who can resist? Maybe they should be banned. everybody knows that fast-food exists so they can make that choise if they want to without having a big cheesburger in front of their eyes.

4) Very, very difficult to get around walking/by bus. Walking is not a part of the normal life, you have to make time for it. Well if it doesn't have a purpose it is not so hard to give it up.

5)Eating out = fat. There is always extra cheese, there is always a dip on the side. Everything is just full with fat. I bought a turkey sanwich once without asking what it contains. It looked pretty normal. I had to throw most of it because it was loaded with fried bacon. So much of mt healthy choise...

6) Shopping carts. Overweight persons have the worst shopping carts. I have seen a trio grandmother, mother, child, all obese and with the cart full of milk and hot-dogs. I don't know how somebody could eat only hot-dogs. There was no trace of fruits or vegetables in their cart. It is clear that these persons don't have balanced meals and they would need a serious wake-up call to do something different. One example is the cereal mith. I am talking about the regular, sugary type.

I would probably have more to say, but that is all I am thinking of right now.


Reply
Jan
Erica said:
Its more about moderation than what you eat! Eggs, toast, two pieces of bacon and a cup of old fashion coffee probably have less calories than that massive sugary coffee with whipped-cream and giant bagel with cream cheese and 2 toaster strudels. Plus the prior will fill you up with protein and keep you from eating ALL DAY LONG! There wont be the u[...]

That is a good point too. People snack more instead of eating meals - this was discussed on the McDonald's post, recently, as well.

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Created / Updated: October 28, 2011

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