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Are Crash Diets Healthy Afterall?

db maple syrup diet.jpgHave sensible people been wrong all this time about crash diets? Could it be that the extreme regimens Hollywood stars follow are actually healthy, effective and long lasting?

...not really!

If you've been reading the stories coming out of UK newspapers Timesonline and The Daily Mail, you may have been lead to believe that crash diets do work.

But as so often is the case in these proclamations, the devil is in the details. In this case, the detail is the definition of "crash diet". It appears that Dr Susan Roberts - the researcher behind this claim - has a different idea than I do of what constitutes a "crash diet". Let's explore:

Sensible Healthy Crash Diets - Oxymoron?

According to Dr. Roberts, there are both good and bad crash diets. Roberts states the lemon cleanses, sub-1000 calorie and otherwise extreme diets are still verboten. Evidently, a minimum of 1,200 calories per day (1,800 for men), with adequate protein and low glycemic carbs, is still in the "crash" zone (the good crash). Huh?

Study Summary

There were 2 groups of subjects - one group cut 10% of calories, while the other group cut 30%. Roberts noted that after a year, they wound up pretty much the same.

Note: I would like to see the curve for this one though. My guess is that the 30% group lost more in the first 6 months, and then gained more in the latter 6 months.

Some Valid Points

My disagreement over the definition of "crash" aside, Dr. Roberts did have some cogent thoughts regarding who might benefit from a more drastic change. She notes;

The trouble with slow diets is people tend to feel they are getting nowhere and give up. Fast keeps you excited and feeling like you're making progress...Disinhibited eaters [a psychological term referring to people who give up on diets easily when presented with food opportunities] actually did really badly on the 10% diet.

This is consistent with observations in my own line of work. For people who have strong cravings and have a difficult time moderating, sometimes it is better to just eliminate, rather than moderate.

But still, the fact that such a prominent researcher labels a 1,200 kcal diet as a "crash" gnawed at me a bit, so I decided to email and ask her about it. Dr. Roberts was prompt and courteous in her response and offered this...

I've been trying to redefine what is meant by crash dieting to make a crash diet mean 'fat loss that is as fast as reasonably possible'. So right, 1200 calories is certainly not starvation, but in my research and clinical experience is about as low as most people can sustainably go.

Aside from research at Tufts University, Dr. Roberts' thoughts can also be found on The Daily Beast Blog and in her book The Instinct Diet.

Take Home Message

  • Removing emotional barriers and setting the right mindset is crucial for fat loss and optimal health - regardless of the path you take.
  • Nutritional habit changes are highly individual. The number of calories you should drop depends on your body weight, body type, activity level and individual lifestyle and preferences.
  • The best diet is the one you can stick with.
How do you define "crash diet"?
More like this in Diets · Jun 9, 2009
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24 Comments

Barry on 06/ 9/09

A crash diet is one that includes only enough protein to preserve muscle, and sufficient amounts of essential fatty acids, fiberous vegetables, and a multivitamin, plus lots of water.

The protein requirement will be dictated by the leanness of the person and their exercise regimen, specifically whether or not they are training with weights.

I'm a 6' tall male, at 175 lbs. I have done Lyle McDonald's Rapid Fat Loss diet, on which I ate about 1,100 calories per day. Women doing the Rapid Fat Loss plan will often eat no more than 700 to 800 calories per day.

The key to doing a crash diet, in addition to the dietary requirements above, is reducing the volume of training. This includes avoiding high intensity cardio, and excessive weight training volume and/or frequency. Additionally, the diet is brief. Fatter individuals can do the diet longer but nobody will diet more than 12 weeks without taking a two week break to eat at maintenance. At the other end of the spectrum, very lean individuals will diet no longer than 12 days before taking a 2 week break.

Done intelligently, a crash diet can be highly effective and completely safe.

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Trainer Shauna on 06/ 9/09

Give me a break. Yes crash diets work but they are also almost indefinitely temporary. This is not news.

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mimimama on 06/10/09

I just wanted to be the one person to confirm what Dr. Roberts stated, which is that, yes, for people with very unhealthy eating habits, I believe they tend to do much better on fast weight-loss programs or "crash diets", and although many people say they're temporary, that's not always the case.

In 2001 I stumbled upon a diet plan from 1949, it was a program that I did 2 weeks at a time and then went off for a week or 2 and then continued until I got to below my targeted weight. I ended up losing 60 pounds in just shy of 3 months. I have been able to maintain my weight up until last year, 2008, when I got pregnant with twins. My results lasted 7 years!!

As a result, I wrote my book, "The Guardian Angel Diet" which has the 2 week diet plan in it, but my biggest chapter is Chapter 5, "maintenance", which explains exactly what I did for 7 years to maintain my weight.

I believe each individual is different and for people that have a hard time staying on diets, short-term or "crash diets" work well, they just need to learn how to keep it off and continue to think positive towards themselves.

The Guardian Angel Diet is approximately 1300 calories a day and you end up losing between 12 and 15 pounds in 2 weeks. It's great, it worked for me and I've kept it off.

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Barry on 06/10/09

What does "indefinitely temporary" mean?

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Katie on 06/ 9/09

Redefining a crash diet as 1200 calories a day? I think that's a bit mad.

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PRHL on 06/ 9/09

I do not believe in diets.
Well, at least for the vast majority of people with less than - say - 100kg overweight.
Especially I am a convinced opponent of the "Atkins" ideology, as I recommend the normal nutrition with brown bread, fruits and vegetables; and if you want to loose weight, cut your daily input a little bit.
But in some points, Atkins was right, e.g.: A diet is not a game that you play for awhile, and then you go on binging as before. No, you must find a way of eating with that you can live your whole life.
A crash diet however is normally based on the "game" mentality.

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sophie tay on 06/11/09

I agree completely. A diet has a beginning and an end. But, healthy eating on the other hand, should be a lifetime commitment to your body and since no one is perfect, a little tweaking can be done from to time to shed a few pounds.

These diets that promise rapid results often deliver their claim when followed correctly, but when the diet is over, old eating habits resume and the pounds go right back on again. To combat this yo-yo weight, common-sense healthy eating habits need to be taught and made permanent.

Sophie Tay

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b on 06/ 9/09

So, if we redefine the term "crash diet" to mean "low but healthy," then crash diets are healthy! Who'dathunk it?

This kind of thinking is not productive - one researcher changing their definition will NOT change the way it is used colloquially. All that will happen is teenage girls (or whoever else) will hear "crash diets are healthy" and never notice those devilish details.

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Spectra on 06/ 9/09

The part that stuck out to me was the part about people doing better on crash diets than they do on a more moderate plan. My mom's a pro at crash dieting...she always does really, really well when she goes on any plan where you either don't eat real meals and just drink shakes instead or plans where you get regimented small quantities of food. She loses the weight very quickly and gets excited about it, but when she gets down to a goal weight, she goes back to eating the way she used to eat and she gains all the weight back again. So, from my experience, crash diets don't work for long-term weight loss.

In my own personal experience, I've never really done a crash diet, but when I went to Mexico for a week, I ate a lot less food and worked out quite a bit less and ended up losing a good 4-5 lbs while I was there. I gained it back when I started eating my normal diet again, which was good because I didn't really have 5 lbs to lose to begin with.

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Mike on 06/ 9/09

I've been losing 1 pound a day for 65 days on 1500 calories a day. I don't consider it a crash diet. My body is responding to a healthy diet and excercise routine the way it wants to. Yet the crash diet nazi's have left me mean spirted comments and email.

If you are being healthy who cares if your weight crashes. We should not fight our bodies.

I tried the slow is wonderful way and I was not possible for me. If it is good for you - great.

cheers

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Mike on 06/ 9/09

PS: check out the anti-jared blog. He lost 80 pounds in 2 months. It does not seem to have hurt him. Yet some have bashed him.

I believe many on the bash-the-guy-who-is-losing-weight-fast bandwagon are suffering from tall-poppy syndrome and bigotry of low expecations.

cheers

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Katie on 06/ 9/09

Either that or they're firmly in the camp that absolutely 100% of anything above 2 pounds a week will be muscle and nothing else. I still don't see how that makes sense for human survival.

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Heather on 06/10/09

Not everything is lean body mass but studies have shown that people who lose over 1% of their body weight a week (more accurate than the 1-2 lb, a 350 lb man could safely lose 3 lb a week( lose 50% of their loss as lean body mass... and why would you risk losing any when doing it slowly and properly means you can lose just fat?

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Barry on 06/10/09

Please cite these studies. You're completely and utterly wrong.

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Jody - Fit at 51 on 06/ 9/09

am with your last 3 sentences. Get rid of emotional stuff, IT IS highly individual and the best one is one you can live with for life! I knew people that went on the quick fix stuff & gained it all back & more because the mindset was lose it, get to the goal but they never learned to change the lifestyle for long term.

I know people do great on lower carb diets, but this is where the individual thing comes in... me, even though I eat more protein than most women my age, I still like my carbs, I find ways to eat all the whole grain bread I want & I don't want to live without that...so, find something you can do as a lifestyle & go for that.

The quick weight loss stuff is not sustainable so a person has to prepare for "the after" if that is their plan of attack.

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Barry on 06/10/09

For those of us who have no food issues, crash dieting works fine. You diet down, drop the weight, and go back to eating maintenance calories.

I bulk up and then cut the fat off with a PSMF diet. Works great.

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Kat Eden on 06/10/09

I'm not sure if there is actually a finite definition of a crash diet. In theory it could be anything that is extremely sudden, significantly strict, and a notable change from the person's current eating habits. The desired outcome being, of course, to lose weight.

I'd like to see exactly what the participants of the study were eating (breakdown of fats, protein, carbs), and what sort of foods were cut out when cutting 10 or 30% calories. Calories can be pretty irrelevant depending on food quality and food function once inside the body. I know I've seen people continually gain weight on a low-cal diet when it's not ideal food!

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Fazila - Coaching To Lose Weight on 06/11/09

The biggest problem with weight loss is not losing the weight, but keeping it off. How do you prevent recidivism? The only way is to gradually change eating habits so that healthier eating patterns are learned for the long term.

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Susan on 06/16/09

I cannot function on 1,200 calories a day! I guess everyone's different, but I've never understood why I need to eat at least 1,900 calories most days (sometimes up to 2,200 or more) and lose a pound a week, and other people can handle 1,200? I've TRIED 1,200 - I lost three pounds a week (too fast, I now think) and got progressively more grouchy and weak until I eventually gave up and gained it all back. For me 1,200 calories would be a crash diet.

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blood glucose monitoring devices, blood lancing devices on 06/17/09

Crash diet sounds new word, can any one of you guide me more info about this Crash Diet?

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Elle Welch on 07/ 2/09

Crash diets do work! However often because the dieter has not changed their mind set about how they eat, what they eat and the quantities they eat, then invariably they put the weight back on with interest.
What is required is a mind set change encompassing the above. Healthy eating should be a life long commitment along with regular exercise. The word Diet has become synonymous with losing weight. More accurately it is all the food that we eat all the time.

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for the lulz on 08/ 3/09

im 15 and at the begining of the summer (june 1st) i started at 6"0 187 pounds now being into august of the same years im at 6"1 160 pounds i slept in to got 7-9 hours of sleep weight lifted 5 days a week and ran even more than that heavy cardio stuff this is what i ate

2 somtimes 3 peices of peanut butter toast around lunch or after wieght lifting (it starts at 8am and goes to about 9:30)

some fruit ocasionally during the afternoon

and a normal size dinner

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Elle Welch on 08/ 5/09

Luiz

You are young and your body is still growing. I would strongly suggest that seek proper advice if you intend to do weight training and build muscle. A qualified weight trainer will help.
Also they will be able to advise you on a correct diet to help your body.

Elle

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for the lulz on 08/17/09

its football related so we did have trainers and i was just eating whatever worked to help lose weight and im glad i fineally did it

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