The Real Truth About High Fructose Corn Syrup

It seems as though the high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) industry - apparently reeling from all of the negative press over the years, has aired a couple of television spots to "clear up" the "misconception" that HFCS is any different than sugar. Let's take a look at the commercials and discuss...
Here are the commercials.
If that's not enough, you can see the second spot here.
"Made from corn so it can't be bad, not artificial ingredients" - love it! The hilarity that such an ad exists to begin with aside, let's look at the misconceptions and truths (yes, there is some truth to the message) behind these ads.
Why HFCS gets such a bad rap
Here's a quick and painless breakdown of why HFCS is considered the devil when it comes to food substances:
- Because it is so cheap to produce (it cost a mere $.13/lb in '04), HFCS has become the sweetener of choice - making its way into just about everything that tastes sweet.
- Between 1970 and 2000, HFCS consumption rose by greater than 1000%
- The average person consumes roughly 78 lbs a year worth of HFCS with an average close to 500 calories/day.
- Because obesity rates rose sharply in conjunction with HFCS consumption, researchers pointed fingers at the sweetener as a cause.
- The chemical make-up of HFCS differs from that of glucose in that fructose isn't broken down before it arrives in the liver, and is instead converted to fat.
- Also, research has shown fructose to have a negative impact on insulin and leptin - the result being greater hunger.
- When put to clinical trials, the results don't appear to implicate HFCS - at least not in studies where calories are controlled. (2 studies showed that fructose vs. starch and sucrose did not make any difference in body weight, blood glucose, cholesterol or triglycerides).
- In studies where there is a caloric surplus and HFCS is overfed - there tends to be resulting issues with fat metabolism, particularly with triglyceride levels. However, overfeeding trials show adverse effects at 2-4x average consumption.
Take Home points
- Implicating a single food in causing weight gain or disease is folly and takes the focus away from the big picture of our diets.
- We eat way too much high fructose corn syrup. Even if it isn't an independent factor in our growing waistlines and poor health, it is at the very least displacing healthier food choices.
- Calories still do matter - fructose levels do not seem to make a difference within the context of a reduced calorie diet.
- Rather than taking a magnifying glass to every ingredients list to find the "evil" ingredients, focus instead on eating minimal ingredient foods.
- Oh, and those commercials are correct in that it probably isn't any worse for you than table sugar, but I would love to hear how they define "moderation". (Hint, it's not 78 lbs a year).
References:
- Grigoresco C et al. Lack of detectable deleterious effects on metabolic control of daily fructose ingenstion for 2 mo in NIDDM patients. Diabetes care. July/August 1988
- Surwit et al. Metabolic and behavioural effects of a high sucrose diet during weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997.
- Le KA et al. A 4-wk high fructose diet alters lipid metabolism without affecting insulin sensitivity or ectopic lipids in healthy humans. Am J Clin Nutri. 2006, Dec.
- Nestle, Marion. What to Eat. 2006
More like this in Media Watch and Science
Although it comes from corn, HFCS is far from natural as it is implied in these commercials. But again it is as acceptable as any other sugar. I don't think any type of sugar should play a dominant role in your diet anyways and HCFS is very widely used. Even in not sweet products.
ReplyIt's as acceptable as any other suger? Baloney.
If your liver glycogen stores are full, which is easy to do since your liver doesn't store much glycogen, the fructose is stored as fat. PERIOD.
Sorry. HFCS is the devil and anyone who cares about their body shouldn't touch the stuff.
These commercials are the height of irresponsibility and the product of greed because HFCS is so cheap. That is the ONLY reason it's used.
ReplySo it's the devil because it's a carbohydrate?
ReplyIf you think this commercial is the height of irresponsibility or greed then you must have a pretty sheltered lifestyle.
Apparently reading comprehension isn't your strong suit.
Reply>>the fructose is stored as fat. PERIOD
you are right. But let's see what else has fructose:
Honey, tree fruits, berries, melons, and some root vegetables...
are they also bad. 'period'?
ReplyWe can rephase it and say, HFCS is as 'unaccaptable' as any other sugar.
You are also right %100 when you say, the only reason it is used is that it is freakishly cheap. And it is in almost anything. That is a valid concern.
Excessive consumption of honey is probably not a great plan for fat loss, but in terms of the amount you'll need to eat to get the amount found in your typical product made with HFCS, you'll be eating a LOT of honey.
Replynot at all. Honey and HFCS both have about 3 kcal per gram in liquid form.
http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts/sweets/5600/2
http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts/sweets/5568/2
If honey was cheaper than HFCS and consequently was as widely used as HCFS is, we would be cursing at Bees right now :).
cheers
ReplyI wouldn't say a lot, just as much as your HFCS consumption. Honey and HFCS both have about 3 kcal per gram in liquid form.
www.nutritiondata.com/facts/sweets/5600/2
www.nutritiondata.com/facts/sweets/5568/2
If honey was cheaper than HFCS and consequently was used as widely as HCFS is, we would be cursing at Bees right now :).
ReplyThe difference also is tree fruits, berries, melons, and root vegetables all contain other important nutrients the body needs, where many products made with HFCS often lack dietary value.
ReplyMust say I agree with Barry on this one.
Additionally, the process that goes into making HFCS is FAR from natural. About as natural as Splenda.
I would not be surprised if additional independent research on HFCS showed that it has just as harmful affects as Trans Fats have proven to be - another "natural" product.
ReplyHFCS is not corn syrup, nor is it fructose. HFCS is similar to sucrose, invert sugar, and honey.
ReplyHFCS is absorbed as a monosaccharide – and the body cannot tell where sugars come from.
This is yet another example of big business trying to pull the wool over our eyes with slick advertising. See here:
HFCS, The Little Man and Big Business
for a discussion around this and a comparison with the tobacco and sugar industries. These campaigns always play the 'moderation' card as though it in some way obviates them of responsibility. People cannot always moderate, especially when the product itself has an effect on the appetite.
ReplyYou know, whether HFCS is that bad or not, did anyone else take heart that people are starting to care enough that it's showing in the bottom line for the line of production and they're needing to advertise instead of silently putting it in? That gives me hope. .
Reply"Implicating a single food in causing weight gain or disease is folly and takes the focus away from the big picture of our diets."
HA!! You guys do that on a weekly basis when you post some horrible photo of a giant cheeseburger and then indict it as being responsible for obesity. Just last week you had a quadruple burger from Australia that you implicated as a culprit in Australia's growing obesity problem.
ReplySo let me get this right you want diet-blog to attack all foods, no foods, what? If you have a problem with what's being said in a post on diet-blog you can give your opinion it's not like there blocking anyone from a dissenting opinion.
ReplyThey should attack all the foods that deserve to be attacked.
Would you care to guess at the number of calories of HFCS consumed by your average ignorant consumer vs. the number of calories consumed by the same consumer from fast food cheeseburgers?
HFCS is in almost everything. Manufacturers don't care if it's good or bad for you. They care that it's CHEAP.
When money is put ahead of the health of the consumer I say someone should be blowing the whistle LOUDLY.
These commercials are incredibly irresponsible.
On the other hand if you're stupid enough to put stuff into your body without knowing what it is, what's in it or how those things impact your health then I guess you get what you deserve.
ReplyI'm with barry on this one. Arguing that "HFCS is as acceptable as any other sugar" is like arguing that "cocaine is as acceptable as any other drug". Refined sugar in the modern diet is fueling the global obesity epidemic, and companies advertising in this way should accept responsibility.
ReplyI'm tired of this, as much as you and others would like to make this into a debate on whether HFCS is good for you or not it wasn't read the post again.
You seem to have this belief that sugar is some sort of terrible drug that must be destroyed by society. You even site that it is responsible for the obesity epidemic, but what proof do you have other than your own anecdotal evidence.
To point this out again to all the poor readers out there;I'm not saying that HFCS is good for you(even though others would have you believe that) I'm simply pointing out the fact that it has the same effects on the body as any other sugars would ,and by itself shouldn't be blamed for all the worlds woes.
ReplyLet's see those numbers Barry.
ReplyHaha, I think Barry does have a point. You can't pick some high-cal, low nutrients to demonize and then preach moderation about others. Which do you think people are more likely to eat on a daily basis, the Australian gigantor burger or HFCS?
HFCS is from the devil, I say.
THE DEVIL.
ReplyThe quad stacker burger is entertainment.
ReplyYou're really stuck on that burger, aren't you?
Replyseriously!
ReplyBarry, the quadburger is made from a multitude of ingredients and foods, thus does not apply to the same theory of HFCS. Moderation is key, to everything, and if they use HFCS as a sweetner, then so be it. The job of everyone else is to raise awareness that it could be bad for you to have too much. People have lost the ability to moderate themselves. Point is, you can't blame companies for people's actions. As much as I hate analogies, thats like cleaning up the puddle without reprimanding the dog. You my have cleaned up one incident, but if you dont tell the people its wrong, then they will just find their overeating with something else.. and who knows, it could be worse.
@ personal trainer
ReplyAnd you CANNOT equate sugar to drugs.
Let's not squabble, kids. Since Diet Blog is a multi-contributor blog we can't expect every post to dovetail perfectly with every other one. Nevertheless, it's also valid for commenters to expect some degree of coherence from any blog.
Either way, it's probably self-defeating to debate the comparable devilry of things like sugar and HFCS. I can see why Barry would take issue specifically with HFCS because there is some pretty frightening research out there about livers looking like those of alcoholics. But then again, Sugar has had some pretty nasty results in relation to addiction and vitamin deficiencies, as I recall.
Fact is, sugar, HFCS and burgers all make you fat if you eat them not in moderation and since the only thing the average consumer is really good at moderating is moderation itself, it seems reasonable to demonise these products either separately or together - it makes little difference which...
ReplyThe point though Methuselah is that HFCS is no worse than sugar not that it's good for you ,and yes too many calories will make you fat that's obvious.
ReplyI'm guessing the little cartoon is natalie dee. Probably should attribute that (as she kindly requests on her website).
ReplyI hate when foods say that they're better just because they're 'all natural' or 'organic.'
ReplyThe irrational focus on single ingredients as "evil" is actually harmful to dieters.
Obesity is caused by too much food (measured in calories) for your physical activity level. It is not caused by secret evil foods and is not cured by special healthy foods. Foods should not be treated as evil spirits or magic protective talismans.
ReplyMy main problem with HFCS is the fact that, because it IS so cheap, food manufacturers add it to absolutely EVERYTHING to make it more palatable (especially to kids). Before HFCS was so readily available, food manufacturers rarely added a ton of sugar to otherwise savory foods because of the added cost. It probably wouldn't make a difference if they added sugar instead of HFCS to, say, ketchup, but they add it and it makes the calorie count go up. Also, these commercials bug me because they sort of imply that processed foods are OK. The mom is pouring fake, 0% juice "drink" for her kids and is defending it to the other mom. If I were the other mom, I'd be like "So, you don't care what you give the kids...you don't believe in giving them REAL juice instead of glorified Kool Aid?" If you eat a lot of whole foods, you can avoid a lot of hidden HFCS in your diet.
Replyor water, what on earth is wrong with water???? My kid drinks water all the time... sweet drinks are only for very special occassions.
ReplyThere's a commercial for Nutrasweet (or Splenda or one of those!) that drives me absolutely nuts. Some mom fusses about awful terrible sugar meltdowns with her kids and tells us about her super great solution: artificial sweetners!
So she gives them formaldehyde to avoid sugar highs and lows instead of, like, giving them water. Good choice, Mom!
ReplyMy beef with HFCS is that it's in so many foods. I'm lucky in that I have the time to make my own breads and sweets, so I can use different sweeteners like honey or agave syrup if I feel like it. But sometimes the pace of modern life demands a little convenience...like canned stewed tomatoes, for instance. Why is there HFCS in my canned tomatoes? And that's not all -- it's hiding in lots of weird foods. The notion of eating it in moderation is nice, but kind of hard for most people who have to shop at the regular supermarket instead of Whole Paycheck.
ReplyExactly! I expect to see HFCS in cheapie little snack cakes and Oreos, but wheat bread, ketchup, crackers, Italian dressing, and fish sticks?! Dag. I see comments about 'HFCS in moderation' -- well, okay. Sure. But it's in dang near everything, in lots of places you would never, ever think to look if you even knew to be on the lookout for it.
Also, there was a documentary called King Corn on this subject. Very interesting and I recommend it to anyone who's interested in what Americans eat.
ReplyI found a site with yummy recipes made easy to help simplify the doubt of how to eat right!
ReplySally, you should post the site :).
ReplyHFCS is a poison to your body and it is unfortunate how these companies air these commercials to spin people in their favor.
ReplyI cut back on high fructose corn syrup because I noticed that I had heart burn when I consumed beverages with this in it. I’ve also seen news articles about how it makes you gain weight. But recently when I was walking around the store I was thinking about the digestive issue and I was reminded of my grown son, who as an infant was really bad at the projectile form of spitting up. So I went to the baby food aisle and looked at the formula cans. Sure enough, the first ingredient is high fructose corn syrup. I wonder if parents know that when they fix a bottle for their baby.
ReplyThe baby food might not have had HFCS in it when he was an infant. Recently it had been put into everything, but I wouldnt be so quick to say that he has vomiting because of HFCS.. my brother vomited all the time, it was because he had acid reflux.
Reply