Are There Ethics in Food Styling?

The following is a guest article by Adele Hagan, a professional food stylist from Canada
We've all heard the urban legends about food styling: mashed potatoes are used instead of ice cream, spray lacquer is used to shine food up, and practically everything is painted with food colouring. But are the stories true?
And even if they are, is that wrong?
I've been working as a food stylist for five years, styling for advertising campaigns, magazine articles, and feature films, and I can tell you straight up that most horror stories about the treatment of food for photo shoots are false.
I do show up for work with a tool box (several, in fact) filled with anything from tweezers and syringes to blow torches and heat guns. But this is to make sure that naturally-prepared food keeps looking good under unnatural circumstances (i.e. under hot photography lights for hours on end). As a food stylist, I have trade ethics to follow, which demand that food looks realistic. (Even without these regulations, "realism" is in when it comes to food styling. That's why you're likely to see photos of rustic, down-to-earth, home-cooked food in magazines like Gourmet instead of lacquered, Martha Stewart-style "perfect" food, which was popular in years past).
Isn't it Deceptive?
Then there's the matter of deception: the allegation that stylists are tricking consumers into buying something they wouldn't normally consider.
Here, I encourage you to consider the following: chances are that when you buy clothes you don't expect them to look the same on you as they do on a model. Food styling is no different.
Just as fashion designers choose certain body types, hairstyles, and colourings to display their clothes, food stylists such as myself "make-up" our food. We're not doing it to scam consumers; we're just trying to make great food look its best.

The Fast Food Burger
What you see on the plate probably won't match what you see in the ad, but that's to be expected. When you buy a hamburger at a fast-food chain, the person serving you is getting paid minimum wage. He or she doesn't really care what the burger looks like; they're just slapping it together as quickly as they can.
When I am hired to make a burger, I owe it to my client to spend as long as I need in order to make that burger look absolutely fabulous and delicious.
I spend hours sorting through buns to find the perfect one (in the business we call it the "hero"). I make sure the burger is grilled to perfection. Each and every topping for the burger is hand-picked by me and delicately shaped. I may use a spray bottle of water, oil or glycerin to enhance the texture or sheen of the burger, but this is because food is not meant to be sitting under the intense heat of photography lights for hours.
I also often have "extras" waiting off in the wings in case my lettuce wilts from the heat of the lights or the bun develops a small crack or worst: someone thinks it looks so good that they eat it before it has a chance to shine.
Food Styling at Home

The real trick to food styling is not how to fight against seeing it on packaging and in magazines; it's how to use it to your advantage at home.
Spend an extra 10 minutes preparing your lunch or dinner today. Choose an appealing table setting. Think about how you are going to lay your food on the plate. I use principles of design when creating a dish for the camera, giving special consideration to the shape of the food, the direction in which it's laid out, the size of the ingredients and of the overall meal portion, the food's texture and colour, and its nutritional value. I also consider design elements like line, balance, gradation, repetition, contrast, harmony and unity (see my website for examples).
Just as spending time on an outfit can make a person look more appealing, so can spending time on the appearance of food make it more tempting to eat.
Adele is a creative food stylist working in editorial, TV commercials, and feature films. All photos displayed are part of Adele's portfolio.
i cater small parties and presentation is so important to getting one's appetite going! we do some of our own food design at home without realizing it. We use lemon juice to keep apples from browning, is that not similar to spraying water on leaves to keep them looking fresh through a photo shoot?
ReplyIt's advertising, plain and simple. Advertisers have made a business out of making things (food, clothes, etc.) look as appealing as possible. I don't know that there should be any ethical considerations, outside of using the same products...I can't say I'm a fan of Crisco ice cream because I'd like to see the prettied-up product, not some pretty approximation of the product.
Are there really people who are upset that their food doesn't look like it does in pictures? If you want food that looks like it does in pictures, take the author's advice: cook and style your food at home. It's not that difficult.
Replythe last couple paragraphs really make sense. simple things like how we place our food on our plates and what kind of dishes we use can make a huge difference in how appealing our food looks. i've noticed that high-end (5-star and 4-star) restaurants really exploit this tactic. the food they serve is just okay, but the presentation is what seems to make people shell out the $$.
ReplyMy boyfriend's dad (military dude) said that he's never seen a McDonald's burger look like the picture anywhere in the world...but in Japan.
So we're in Japan last summer and of course we had to go to "Makudonarudo" and yeah, it looked pretty much like the picture. Japan's really visual, though. All the restaurants have little fake versions of the menu items in a glass display outside, and yes, the food you order looks exactly like the fake one.
ReplyIn my opinion the size of the food is often more deceptive than the styling of the food. When we see an ads with food picture from a luxury dining restaurant, we can expect to see similar food with albeit less in portion. In fast food chain both aspects are deceptive though, the size of the food and the styling of the food don't match the advertisement.
ReplyI don't have a problem with food styling. The business is to sell you the food and to do that it must look its best. I like the tips at the end, you eat with your eyes first.
ReplyYes this is definenatly a marketing tactic that you see used very heavily in nice restaurants where each dish costs you $30+
ReplyFood styling is no more deceptive than the models with the PERFECT hair in the shampoo ads. You KNOW your hair would never look like that unless you spend hours blow drying it, using just the right amount of product, flatironing it, using tons of bobby pins to get the strays out of place, etc. I don't think food styling's any different. At my job, we have to photograph food for clients and we hire food stylists to come to make sure the product looks as good as it possibly can. It's not like they use fake food...they just make sure to use only the onion rings that are perfectly shaped and the perfect shade of brown. They also use the best possible lighting to make sure everything looks amazing.
I like the idea of trying to make your own food as visually appealing as possible. When I went to Ukraine, I got invited to have dinner with a family for New Year's Eve. They made a baked fish and it looked amazing...they sliced the fish and put orange slices in it and garnished it with orange "flowers" and parsley. It looked so pretty we almost didn't want to cut into it!
ReplyIn my opinion, food styling is an accepted cheating.
Indeed, a professional food stylist starts with all the identical pieces parts as presumably our meals start with.
Except, it is not the same. Mine will travel flash frozen for potentially hundreds of miles, squashed in small containers, reshaped, defrosted, tossed and turned, till it looks nothing like the artful picture I saw plastered on the front window of the eatery.
I understand that it is not the food stylist job to watch their clients' ethics.
But, If it is not "lying" and "deceptive", how come it feels so wrong?
Ms. Hagan, you do beautiful work. I wish I could afford your work for my cooking videos and slide shows.
ReplyI live in Spain where there are a lot more small, family-owned restaurants and, as a result, a lot of very unprofessional promotional photos adverstising their food. There's a Chinese restaurant near my house that actually has a picture of a dish with a grossly overcooked fried egg on top. Needless to say, I've never eaten there. I'm not going to say that food styling is unethical, but more realistic, less appealing photos certainly make a lot of "bad" food a lot less tempting.
ReplyI think most of us know that we're not going to get food that looks like the picture. Back when I used to eat hashed browns - I'd often point to the picture when ordering and ask the server to please have them cooked like that (instead of the plate of raw shreddred potatoes you usually get).
I have to admit, I really love looking at pictures of food. I like those posters with things like tomatoes or garlic on them. I have ceramic veggies hanging in my house. I have often thought that I would have a lot of fun working as a food stylist. Food can be really fun. One of my favorite things about this time of year is looking at the fun things they come up with all over the store - how they make all the food so very pretty.
I figure if I can't eat it, I can at least look at it and appreciate it's visual and artistic value. So, as far as I'm concerned food stylists can do whatever they want. It just creates purely guilt free pleasure for us "food voyeurs".
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