5 Meals a Day Does Not Help Weight Loss

Say it ain't so! The accepted conventional wisdom of eating several smaller meals throughout the day to shed pounds is being challenged at almost every turn. A recent article has gone so far as calling extra meals a "faddish dieting trend" (gasps in horror).
The study cited in the article took 179 obese men and women who were on the same weight loss diets with the same caloric intake with different eating patterns. One group ate 3 times a day while the other ate 3 meals + 3 snacks. No difference was found between the groups in terms of weight, girth measurement, body fatness or blood sugar levels.
The results are consistent with a compilation of similar studies that showed little to no difference between snackers and non-snackers.
"We found it's not when you eat that matters, but what and how much you eat". Says Michelle Palmer, a dietician at the University of Newcastle.
The Theory Behind Snacking
The rationale for eating more often is to boost metabolism and/or help contribute to lower caloric intake. In theory, eating stimulates the thermic effect of food, which should elevate metabolism. Further, aren't we helping curb binges brought on by long stretches without food?
The research does not appear to support such theories and if it is does, it isn't enough to translate into weight loss.
Snacking Can Help or Hinder
Like any other aspect of eating, snacking is highly individual. Making sure you eat a healthy balanced diet is the first line of defense against excess fat. It comes down to hunger cues. If you aren't hungry between meals then don't eat, if you are, grab a healthy snack.
Successful snacking needs to be strategic, healthy and planned for. For people always on the go, sit-down meals are not always in the cards. For these people, snacking is crucial to healthy eating. Also, I often encounter those who eat voraciously at dinner because they essentially don't eat from about noon until after 6. For these people, a mid-afternoon snack is warranted.
Also, look at what you're doing now. If it isn't working, try something different. If you are eating 2-3 times per day - try eating 3-4. If you are prone to excess snacking, try cutting back.
Eat when you are hungry, eat healthily and don't eat too much. The rest will take care of itself.
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91 Comments
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Created / Updated: November 3, 2011
Very debatable what's been said here I guess it depends what you snack on etc. I dare say it works for some people and others not.
ReplyIt works for me, anyway. I do much better on several smaller meals than fewer, larger ones. Maybe it's because I have blood sugar issues-- but I weigh less, feel better, and perform better in athletics with the smaller, more frequent meals.
I wonder if the individual nature of it affects the results-- my husband, if he were to eat more often, would still be able to and would want to eat the same size meal for each one... so you'd have him averaging it with a gain, where I'd have a loss -- for a net of nothing.
ReplyI have tried this way of eating -- all the fitness mags recommend it -- and it always leaves me hungry and in graze mode. I have to eat 3 squares a day with 1 snack of fruit and a few almonds.
I think it's interesting that we're encouraged to eat like the Europeans, the Mediterraneans, the Japanese because they're thin and live long healthy lives, but American fitness wisdom has us eating every few hours.
ReplyThese thin, healthy cultures? They don't eat between meals.
When I lived in Europe, I saw many people eating between meals, but what they ate was so lovely...not something from a vending machine. People would stop in the afternoon (post-lunch) to have a little bread and jam, or a pastry, or a very small sandwich with a cup of coffee or beer. It's civilized, but it's still a snack!
ReplyFunny, I lived in Paris and Venice and in both places I ran into people looking askance at between meal snacks. Even the restaurants keep a strict schedule and you can't get service except during traditional meal times. Of course there are snack bar type places where tourists and rushed Europeans can get a quick bit to eat, but it's not a way of life with them like it is here.
I'll never forget the lecture I got in Paris, where I lamented to a friend how tight my clothes were getting despite my rambles all over that fair city. He pointed out very Frenchily, but not very gently, that I had only my self (and all the lovely pastries I was sampling along my walks) to blame.
Reply... I don't know about France, but Italian children have the ritual of la merenda...
ReplyI kind of like the idea of having a nice, civilized snack instead of inhaling candy bars from a vending machine. When I was in Europe, I noticed the same thing...people would eat something like a nice piece of good bread with jam or a croissant or something. But they really enjoyed it, so they didn't feel like they needed to eat as much I guess.
ReplyIt's worth noting that this is a popular news article covering an unpublished study to be presented at a meeting. That means that the study is without peer review scrutiny. That doesn't make the study invalid but does make the findings less reliable than a study published in full that passed peer review.
ReplyA very good point! Very worthy of mentioning as there are no details regarding the methodology.
ReplyIt's definitely an interesting read, but as Mike said, it's about finding what works for you rather than being swept away with the latest new fad, like so many people are these days.
For me smaller meals and regular healthy snacks work well.
Replyi've never really seen a difference either way. i've tried the snacky diet and i've tried 3 meals. i've found that working at a desk doesn't require as many calories for energy- usually, i eat something small for breakfast (half a bagel), a snack for lunch (perhaps a granola bar with plenty of protein) and finally, dinner is the largest meal of the day, however, i do not eat after dinner at all- thus far it has helped me keep over 30 lbs off!
ReplyLooks like you have your order wrong. The heaviest meal should be the first meal of the day and if you plan on losing weight you should stop intaking carbohydrates such as white rice, noodle, or bread after 4:00 PM because that's when your metabolism will slow down. The 5-meal diet works for me since I already have turbo metabolism and I feel hungry in every 2 hours. I normally did my cardio workout in the morning (jogging at 4.0 mph - 5.0 mph) for an hour and then have my first meal afterward. Then I'll grab on a whole wheat chicken or turkey sandwich and dividing it into 2 portions so it'd be the 2 meals I'm having throughout the day while compensating with plain old water. My 4th meal would consist of a lot of vegetables, substituting salad dressing with low-fat yogurt. The last meal of the day is a medium fruit salad. Rest for a hour or two and did some weight exercise. It looks like a lot of work or maybe a torture to some people but it makes me feel great and healthy. I can definitely tell the difference when stuffing myself with junk food plus having the minimum workout.
ReplyIt depends, some people who are prone to snacking at night (for eg me) should get a full meal and then remind themselves they don't need the snack constantly through the last 4 hours left after dinner. This way its very helping in maintaining your weight. I remember trying to lose weight by eating only protein and veggies for dinner and ended up gaining coz I was snacking on whatever I could find in the fridge after . 3 cups of milo and biscuits.. i thought no harm. And poom! 3 kg appeared in 2 weeks of doing that!
Grazing or having multiple small meals dont help me too, yet I took 2 years to realise that. I've gained 15 kg from doing that, without realising not having proper square meals was the problem. My family used to feed me square meals and I was really slim, once I was greedy and wanted to lose a few more kilos, I read up on the 6 meals small ones a day, and did it. I kept thinking it was something wrong with me, not the meals. but anyway it all adds up. I probably had 8 meals a day or something. More my own fault :D
But I can't get back to the square meals a day anymore, my metabolism and muscles are all screwed.
Replyalso, interval training, doing 10 minutes of it is equivelant to an hour of running. If you do LSD, long slow distance running, your actually not burning as much fat as u could be, wrecking your knees and getting very little cardiovascular benefit. In order to make running worth wile at all, u must include sprints and interval training. And yes thing's work differently for every single indivudual, a few of my kung fu brothers lived in china, and they ate the bulk of their meal after training all day at about 12pm-2 am. In theory, sumo's train the same way and eat at the same time, they should have gained weight, they lost weight instead. If you cannot open up to ideas that you alone find you will forever wander being a follower of others.
ReplyAs someone who's been on a program with snacks, with remarkable results, I'd have to say that the issue with snacks for me wasn't the metabolism factor - it was never getting too hungry.
What made me likely to fall of the wagon doing three meals is that I'd come to dinner starving and always want to have more food. Whereas, if I have 5 properly portioned meals, I make it through the day without losing control, which is the biggest factor for me.
So, I guess you're right that it's all individual.
ReplyThere is very little research supporting multiple small meals per day and most it is epidemiological studies, not clinical trials like the one mentioned above.
ReplyI'm a Veteran and use the VA's MOVE program which has been researched thoroughly and promotes several small meals a day. I've lost 20lbs (along with moderate exercise). My brother is a doctor who does research for major institutions around the USA for diet and fitness, there is plenty of research out there, a person needs to sift and read through it all, not just one blip on the screen. I do agree that this type of plan may not work for all, just don't say there isn't research to back it.
ReplyPerhaps the problem is that the three meals most people are eating are filled with the wrong foods, foods that make you hungry rather than keeping you satiated. Protein and fat are well known for their appetite-suppressing qualities, but the average person is eating too many carbs and not enough of the other more healthful macronutrients.
The problem with the 3 + 3 meal plan is that it requires controlling portions 6 times a day. It's typically easier to not eat than to eat just a little as the human brain is geared to keep eating as long as food is available. Blame your hunter-gatherer ancestors.
Cheers
ReplyScott Kustes
Modern Forager
I think a big key to the whole snack factor is WHAT you snack on; not so much if you snack or if you don't. A bag of Doritos is not going to satisfy you as much as an apple and a piece of cheese. So if you're eating 200 calories' worth of Doritos for a snack, you'll probably feel hungry and "cheat" on your diet by eating something else along with it to feel satisfied. So WHAT you eat is probably more important than WHEN you eat.
Replyits probably the salt from the Doritos that would stimulate the appetite.
ReplyDid they monitor calorie intake or was it self-reported? Because there might be a big difference between the calories people "said" they ate and what they actually ate.
ReplyI would guess that whether you eat 3 or 5 times a day doesn't really matter as long as the total energy you're intaking is not more than what you are expending.
This has to be a personal thing. Some people need to stick to three meals because they will just use the extra meals as an excuse to snack and graze inappropriately all day. Some people need those in-between meals or they will be ravenous at meal time and eat way too much. I have to be aware of both - if I snack I have to really police myself to stick to good stuff, and if I don't take the edge off if I go too long between meals I'll eat a meal that's too large. It's always about what you choose and how much you choose no matter how many times a day you eat.
What blows me away is the stupid things that people feel they need to study - or maybe more accurately can get paid to study. 90 per cent of us on this forum know that the answer to this is not something that requires a study, not rocket science, just common sense.
But I guess if it wasn't for all these studies we'd have nothing to bounce off of.
ReplyOne of the other theoretical benefits of 'grazing' is better control of blood sugar / insulin spikes. By reducing the time between meals, you are keeping blood sugar & insulin production more stable - avoiding wild fluctuating peaks and valleys in the insulin production curve.
However, that theory only works if the 5-6 snacks are healthy. Dividing you diet of a dozen donuts into 6 meals instead of 3 is not going to keep the pounds off.
Love the Captain Obvious graphic!
ReplyObviously eating more small meals doesn't help you lose weight directly.
Intermittent fasting blows that idea out of the water.
The way you lose weight is by eating fewer calories than you expend.
HOWEVER, eating more small meals throughout the day makes it EASIER to eat a reduced calorie diet, which INCREASES adherence to the diet over the long term.
Conversely, eating more small meals throughout the day makes it EASIER to eat a HYPER-caloric diet for those trying to build muscle. After all, eating three 1,000 calorie meals is much more difficult than eating six 500 calorie meals.
I've been eating six meals a day for over a year now, and trust me, whether shedding fat or bulking up, more meals makes the whole process MUCH easier.
ReplyI'm a firm believer in the "Is it working test!"
Maybe we can get paid to study that :-)
ReplyI'll start fleshing out the NIH proposal! ^_^
ReplySweet :-)
Reply